Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
Har Khet Ko Paani
Government of India introduced Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayi Yojana in the Year 2015. PMKSY was formulated to expand cultivable area under assured irrigation, to reduce water wastage and to improve water use efficiency in agriculture. PMKSY is creating protective irrigation by harnessing rain water at micro level through Jal Sanchay and Jal Sinchan. PMKSY has been implemented with an outlay of Rs. 50,000 crore in five years (2015 to 2020). In this article we will look at PMKSY in detail.
Motto of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY)
The net agricultural area of India is 200.8 million hectare, out of which only 95.8 million hectare i.e. 48% of area is covered under irrigation and 52% area is not covered under irrigation i.e. unirrigated area. Farmers in India majorly depending on rainfall for irrigation and it leads to less production output from farms.
In order to enhance farm Income by increasing productivity and motivating farmers to invest more in farming, Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayi Yojana (PMKSY) was introduced. PMKSY ensures protective irrigation to all agricultural farms in the country Har Khet Ko Paani (Water for every field) to produce Per drop More Crop and bringing much desired rural prosperity.
PMKSY – Amalgamation of Schemes
PMKSY has subsumed few erstwhile schemes of three different ministries as follows
- Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) of the Ministry of Water Resources
- River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation (MoWR,RD&GR)
- Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) of Department of Land Resources (DoLR)
- On Farm Water Management (OFWM) of Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC)
Objective of PMKSY
Objective of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) is given here.
- To achieve convergence of investments in irrigation at the field level by introducing water use plans
- To enhance the physical access of water on the farm
- To expand cultivable area under assured irrigation (Har Khet ko pani)
- To make best use of water through new technologies and practices, PMKSY integrating water source, water distribution and efficient use of water.
- To reduce wastage and to increase water availability on-farm
- To enhance the adoption of precision-irrigation (More crop per drop)
- To enhance aquifers recharge and to introduce sustainable water conservation practices.
- To make sure the rainfed areas are using the watershed approach towards soil and water conservation, ground water regeneration, runoff arresting, giving livelihood options and other NRM activities.
- To promote extension activities relating to water harvesting, water management and crop alignment for farmers and grass root level field functionaries.
- To introduce technology for reusing treated municipal waste water for periurban agriculture.
Components of PMKSY
Four components of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) are explained in detail here.
Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP)
Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) is introduced under Ministry of Water Resources to focus on faster completion of ongoing Irrigation (both Major and Medium) including National Projects.
PMKSY – Har Khet Ko Pani
Minor Irrigation
PMKSY – Har Khet Ko Pani focused on creating new source of water through Minor Irrigation both surface and ground water.
Water Sources
Repair, restoration and renovation of defunct water sources, strengthening of traditional water sources and construction rain water harvesting structures.
Development of command
Development of command area, improve water management and strengthening distribution system to take advantage of the available source in fullest capacity. 10% of the command area needs to be covered under micro/precision irrigation.
Ground water development
Creating sink to store runoff or flood water during peak rainy season through Ground water development programme.
Diversion of water from source
Diversion of water from plenty water source area to nearby water scarce areas, lift irrigation from water bodies/rivers at lower elevation to supplement requirements beyond IWMP and MGNREGS irrespective of irrigation command.
PMKSY – Per Drop More Crop
Programme management
The main function of PMKSY – Per Drop More Crop is Programme management, preparation of State/District Irrigation Plan, approval of annual action plan, Monitoring etc.
Jal Sinchan
Jal Sinchan is a programme its promoting efficient water conveyance and to use precision water application devices like drips, sprinklers, pivots, rain-guns in the farm.
Topping up of input cost particularly under civil construction beyond permissible limit (40%), under MGNREGS for activities like lining inlet, outlet, silt traps distribution system etc.
Micro irrigation
Per Drop More Crop used for construction of micro irrigation structures to supplement source creation activities including tube wells and dug wells in the areas where ground water is available which are not supported under AIBP, PMKSY (Har Khet ko Pani), PMKSY (Watershed) and MGNREGS as per block/district irrigation plan.
Secondary storage structures
Secondary storage structures at tail end of canal system to store water when available in abundance (rainy season) or from perennial sources like streams for use during dry periods through effective on-farm water management.
Water lifting devices
Water lifting devices are covered under Per Drop More Crop.
- Diesel/ electric/ solar pump sets
- Water carriage pipes
- Underground piping system
Jal sarankchan
Jal sarankchan is an extension activity for promotion of scientific moisture conservation and agronomic measures. Agronomic measure cropping alignment is used to maximise use of available water including rainfall and minimise irrigation requirement.
Awareness Activities
Awareness activities need to be conducted by Per Drop More Crop.
- Capacity building
- Training and awareness campaign including low cost publications
- Use of pico projectors
- Low cost films for encouraging potential use water source through technological and agronomic measures.
- Management practices such as community irrigation
The extension workers can be empowered to disseminate relevant technologies under PMKSY only after requisite training is provided to them especially in the below mentioned areas.
- Promotion of scientific moisture conservation and agronomic measures
- Innovative distribution system like pipe and box outlet system
Information Communication Technology (ICT)
ICT interventions through NeGP-A to be made use in the field of water use efficiency, precision irrigation technologies, on farm water management, crop alignment etc. and also to do intensive monitoring of the Scheme.
Advantages of Micro Irrigation under Per Drop More Crop
The advantages of Micro irrigation are as follows.
- Higher Profits
- Water Saving & Water Use Efficiency (WUE)
- Less Energy Costs
- Higher fertilizer-use efficiency (FUE)
- Reduced Labour Costs
- Reduce Soli Loss
- Marginal Solis & Water
- Efficient & Flexible
- Improved Crop Quality
- Higher Yields
PMKSY – Watershed Development
- PMKSY – Watershed Development programmes introduced for effective management of runoff water and improved soil & moisture conservation activities such as ridge area treatment, drainage line treatment, rain water harvesting, in-situ moisture conservation and other allied activities on watershed basis.
- PMKSY is converging with MGNREGS for creation of water source to full potential in identified backward rainfed blocks including renovation of traditional water sources.
Eligibility criteria for Fund Allocation
A State will become eligible for PMKSY fund only if it has prepared the District Irrigation Plans (DIP) and State Irrigation Plan (SIP), excepting for the initial year.
States to access PMKSY funds, the expenditure in water resource development for agriculture sector in the financial year under should not be less than baseline expenditure. States will be given additional weightage for levying charges on water and electricity for irrigation purpose.
Inter State allocation of PMKSY fund will be decided based on the following
- Share of percentage of unirrigated area in the State Vs National average including prominence of areas.
- Increase in percentage share of expenditure on water resource development for agriculture sector in the State Plan expenditure for previous three years.
- Improvement in irrigation efficiency in a state
Funding Allocation
PMKSY funds will be provided to the eligible State Governments as per the pattern of assistance of Centrally Sponsored Schemes decided by Ministry of Finance and NITI Aayog.
Annual Outlay of PMKSY
Annual outlay of PMKSY for five years is Rs. 50000 crore. Sub-scheme wise outlay is given here.
|
Sl.No |
Department |
Amount in Rs Crore |
|||||
|
2015-2016 |
2016-2017 | 2017-2018 | 2018-2019 | 2019-2020 |
Total |
||
|
1 |
DAC |
1800 | 2340 | 3050 | 3960 |
5150 |
16300 |
| 2 | DoLR | 1500 | 1950 | 2540 | 3300 | 4300 | 13590 |
| 3 | AIBP | 1000 | 1400 | 1980 | 2780 | 3900 | 11060 |
| 4 | PMKSY | 1000 | 1300 | 1690 | 2200 | 2860 | 9050 |
| 5 | MoWR Sub Total | 2000 | 2700 | 3670 | 4980 | 6760 | 20110 |
| 6 | Grand Total | 5300 | 6990 | 9260 | 12240 | 16120 |
50000 |
PMKSY – 2015 to 2016
PMKSY – 2015 to 2016 Annual outlay of Rs 555.5 crore has been released for drought mitigation and district irrigation scheme.
- 175 crore was allocated for material for construction of water harvesting structures under MNREGA
- 259 crore has been allocated to the states for water recharge, drought mitigation and micro-water storage construction in 219 drought-affected districts and
- 1071 highly drugged blocks identified by the Central Ground Water Board.
- Rs 1,556.73 crore allocated for Per Drop More Crop under PMKSY. Rs.5.7 lakh hectare area was brought under micro-irrigation
PMKSY – 2016 to 2017
In the year 2016-17 Annual outlay of Rs.520.90 crore was released for drought mitigation measures. Following schemes have been prepared.
- Water harvesting structures – 56226
- Hectare irrigation capacity – 113976
- District irrigation schemes – 675
Rs1991.17 crore allocated for Per Drop More Crop under PMKSY. Rs.8.39 lakh hectare area was brought under micro irrigation during 2016-17. Rs.4509 crore was released during 2014-17 and a total of 18.38 lakh hectare area has been brought under micro-irrigation.
PMKSY – 2017 to 2018
Rs.3400 crore has been distributed for Per Drop More Crop scheme for the year 2017-18. The target of this year is to bring 12 lakh hectare area under micro-irrigation. PMKSY Scheme is being implemented to help Command Area Development to complete 99 major and medium irrigation projects covering 76.03 lakh hectares in a phased manner till December 2019.
